啊!這就是紐約!媒體藝術發源地的文化與保存策略踏查
前言 在今年二月底,我帶著自己的研究題目「分析時基媒體藝術保存維護在紐約市的專業合作網絡」(Collaborative Network Analysis of Time-based Media Conservation Professions in the NYC),啟程前往紐約市曼哈頓。
前言 在今年二月底,我帶著自己的研究題目「分析時基媒體藝術保存維護在紐約市的專業合作網絡」(Collaborative Network Analysis of Time-based Media Conservation Professions in the NYC),啟程前往紐約市曼哈頓。
From September 1963 until August 1964, my father was part of a team of scholars from Stanford University who came to Taiwan to help establish the National Taiwan University International Chinese Language Program (ICLP). My two sisters, my mother (Barbara) and I joined him that year in Taipei. My oldest sister (Margaret), was 4 years old, I was three years old, and my youngest sister (Susie) was only one. I have a few memories of that year and a stack of letters that my father wrote to my grandmother. While my father was primarily funded by Stanford University during his time in Taiwan, he applied for and received a travel grant from the Taiwan Fulbright Foundation. As I complete my six-month appointment as a Fulbright scholar at National Tsing Hua University, I take this journaling opportunity to weave together a few of my thoughts and with quotes from letters written in 1963 and 1964. Traveling from San Francisco to Taipei with three young children was difficult. As my father reported: We got to Taipei in really bad shape; the kids fell asleep (all three of them) about 10 minutes before the CAT [China Air] flight landed. The change of weather
The pursuit of self knowledge is important to me, but it has some fierce competition from the more pressing needs like eating, exercising, and showering regularly. It’s one of those things which is always on my list of priorities, but rarely tops it. Introspection can help identify the little lies we tell ourselves and the unrepresentative experiences that tinge our memory, but it is hard. I do try to “see the forest beyond the trees”, but the trees usually get in the way. In writing this reflection, I want to share the bigger picture of my time in Taiwan. Specifically, I want to share the ways that life here has helped me to cultivate gratitude. My Journey To Taiwan When people ask why I am studying in Taiwan, I often explain that in 2019 I was inspired by an economics professor while studying abroad in Switzerland. When I realized that I would need additional qualifications in order to participate in the type of applied research which made me passionate, it was only natural to seek out a masters program overseas where I could also indulge my wanderlust. Taiwan, the program, and the funding were all aligned to my goals. When
Debate provides a unique educational opportunity that emboldens students to speak up for themselves and others. In 2018, the Executive Yuan set the goal for the island to be bilingual by 2030. The desire to create a populace that can fluently communicate in English and Mandarin is quite ambitious. To aid the island reach this goal, a Fulbright grant was created to bring debate coaches from the United States to Taiwan to train high school teachers and students how to compete in US style debate. This grant is the first of its kind and I am very honored to be involved. As a debate coach and lecturer, I have introduced thousands of students and many adults to the benefits of debate. I believe that the skills it teaches are useful for all individuals at all stages of life. I was extremely excited when I learned that I would be working with students and teachers all over the island of Taiwan and not just one class. In a semester at my university I work with 26 students at a time, so getting to work with almost 100 students I knew that I was going to be in for a unique challenge.
訪問機構及該機構特色: 本研究訪問單位為位於美國北卡羅萊納州溫斯頓-塞勒姆(Winston-Salem)的威克森林大學醫學院(Wake Forest School of Medicine)癌症生物學研究所林慧觀教授(Prof. Hui-Kuan Lin)研究室,進行一年期的短期研究。威克森林大學是一所研究型綜合性大學,其醫學院癌症生物學研究所與醫院位在同一個校區。林教授的研究利用基因剃除小鼠技術及分子調控訊息傳遞技術,在癌症生物學和藥物開發等領域有領先全球的發現;尤其別是在前列腺癌的能量代謝體與免疫探討,他發表了許多頗具影響力的研究論文,其中他提出的老化調節機制於癌細胞代謝與免疫調控的新觀念,開啟了癌症的新治療策略。 研究期間: 受COVID-19疫情影響,原訂2020年的研究訪問計畫延後至2021年才執行。又因赴美簽證拖延近3個月,研究執行期間因故縮短為11個月(2021年9月2日至2022年7月31日)。 研究題目:The inflamm-aging process during Clostridium difficile infection 困難梭狀桿菌感染之炎症老化過程 研究摘要: 老化相關的疾病機制主要集中在發炎機制上,在老化過程中,會出現稱為炎症老化的慢性、無菌性、低度發炎的情形,此現象促使老年人相關疾病的發生。 林教授發現醣類代謝產物── 乳酸,也是高齡體內含量最高的老化代謝物,會限制細胞發炎激素的產生,因此他的研究串連了能量代謝和先天免疫,開啟了以調控代謝路徑對抗微生物感染的新治療策略。困難梭狀桿菌的感染導致抗生素相關性腹瀉的症狀造成醫療健康負擔,舉世皆然,尤其在老年人群中發病率最高。然而,目前治療困難梭狀桿菌的感染,首要之務是停止不必要的抗生素使用,再輔以適當的metronidazole 和 vancomycin 治療;然而即使以適當之抗生素治療,復發率還是很高,因此臨床上對困難梭狀桿菌的治療仍是困難重重。因此,若能更了解炎症老化的機制,並妥適 解決和控制困難梭狀桿菌感染的發炎過程,是一個新的探究領域。 我們實驗室先前也曾針對困難梭狀桿菌感染的細胞模型進行代謝體分析,發現感染過後的細胞中,負責代謝的粒線體壞損,導致細胞走向糖解作用,進而產生大量的乳酸。因此我們希望透過改變代謝老化增強粒線體呼吸作用,增強細胞抵抗細菌感染的能力。初步成果發現,阻斷乳酸產生有助於抵抗困難梭狀桿菌之感染。我們將持續探討細部機制,開發新的治療策略來應對老化人口的感染性疾病。 研究方法: 我們在已建立之困難梭狀桿菌感染的細胞模式中,探究細胞能量工廠──粒線體的代謝功能,並分析醣類代謝物的變化量,並藉由特定酵素路徑之抑制劑阻斷或改變代謝路徑,檢視代謝路徑改變能 否增強細胞粒線體功能,以及在動物模式中能否降低困難梭狀桿菌感染的嚴重性。 研究成果: 我們實驗室初步成果顯示,在困難梭狀桿菌感染的動物腸道組織或細胞模型中,負責細胞能量工廠的粒線體大量減少,導致細胞的代謝路徑改變。由於林教授近期著重於代謝體在癌細胞的致病機轉,在乳酸造成的訊號傳遞與生理反應中有相當深入的剖析。我們這一年互相討論及學習的研究成果初步如下: 當腸道細胞受 困難梭狀桿菌傳染後,細菌的毒素導致粒線體進行自噬,細胞大量減少粒線體,導致細胞轉換代謝模式,從有氧呼吸變成無氧呼吸,造成乳酸大量產生與堆積。此一現象亦可在實驗動物感染的腸道組織中觀察到。 利用改變代謝路徑的抑制劑,確實能減緩困難梭狀桿菌感染導致的細胞傷害,以及在實驗動物 中小鼠腹瀉程度。 與林教授多次的討論後,學習到如何更精準及精密的設計細胞實驗,除了使用藥物抑制劑外,善用基因剔除法更能提升探究代謝路徑的準確性,修正原訂的計劃設計,加強研究代謝路徑的正反驗證。 在這一年中,與林教授和實驗室同仁合著一篇〈 訊息傳遞因子AKT在癌細胞代謝所扮演的角色〉之綜合評論,我們努力的修改圖表及內容,歷經半年不斷的投稿及修正,最後在回國前完成投稿,並在回國後完成稿件的修改及回覆,在九月中旬成功通過審稿,於九月底完成最後校稿。 在這一年的實驗室交流中,林教授也分享了他申請計畫以及 通過計畫審查的歷程,他也時常協助審查台灣的研究計畫,因時差的關係常常視訊開會到半夜。在我訪問期間,他不僅是科技部龍門計畫的國外實驗室研究人員,更榮獲中研院第三十三屆院士的殊榮。我很榮幸近距離觀察到一個成功的典範。 總結: 這一年的美國行歷經疫情波折,以及令人焦急的簽證申請過程,抵美後的生活技能考驗及文化衝擊與適應,感謝傅爾布萊特基金會的同仁給予的協助,更感謝林教授一家人溫暖的接待。我深刻體驗到美國的風土民情、教育制度的差異,並勇於嘗試、克服困難,最終迎來甜美豐碩的果實,這過程真的是點滴在心頭,難以言喻。如同我們研究中代謝路徑的能量增強劑,這段經歷著實為我進入人生下個階段備足了能量。 Managing Editor: Tsai-Jen Wu 吳采臻
The Beginning I am honored and grateful to be awarded the Fulbright Program Scholarship. Through the Fulbright Senior Research Grants, I got a chance to return to the University of Minnesota after more than 20 years of Ph.D. I feel inspired and moved by my alma mater again. Looking back over the past 20 years, after graduating with my doctorate, I returned to Taiwan to teach right away and immediately took over as the head of the department. Next, I continued to hold various administrative positions without interruption. At the same time, I had to take into account teaching, research, and service. I felt like a spinning top. Suspended, life is busy and full, but these years of consumption have made my heart extremely eager to absorb new nutrients. Although I have had the opportunity to come back here over the years, I just came and went in a hurry and did not stop there. Finally, I was able to apply for a sabbatical leave last year. I was very fortunate to receive the Fulbright Senior Scholars Grant (August 2022-October 2022), which allowed me to return to the campus to concentrate on research exchange and explore many cultural landscapes that
我申請進駐的單位,位於美國華盛頓特區的國家藝廊(National Gallery of Art,以下簡稱NGA)。機構成立於1937年,緣起為當時美國銀行家、曾任財政部長的安德魯・梅隆(Andrew W. Mellon)於1920年代末的提議。